Zoologix performs primate infectious disease tests by PCR for...

Adenoviruses

African green monkey endogenous virus

Aspergillus

B virus

Babesia

Baboon endogenous virus

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Borrelia burgdorferi

Burkholderia

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Chlamydophila trachomatis

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Cytomegalovirus, baboon

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E. coli O157:H7

E. coli panel

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Entamoeba species

Enterovirus

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Giardia

Gibbon ape leukemia

Helicobacter

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Herpes ateles

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Herpes simplex type 2

Herpes tamarinus

Herpesvirus ateles

Herpesvirus papio 1 & 2

Herpesvirus saimiri

Human adenoviruses

Human herpesviruses types 6, 7 & 8

Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 & 2

Human T cell lymphotropic virus

Human Varicella-Zoster

Influenza type A

Klebsiella

Lawsonia intracellularis

Leishmania

Leptospira

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Malaria

Measles

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Mycoplasma

Neisseria gonorhoeae

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Parvoviruses

Plasmodium species

Reovirus screen

Rhesus rhadinovirus

Rotavirus

Salmonella

Shigella and enteroinvasive E. coli

Simian agent 6 (SA6)

Simian agent 8 (SA8)

Simian foamy virus (SFV)

Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHFV)

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)

Simian parainfluenza virus

Simian retrovirus (SRV)

Simian sarcoma virus

Simian T-cell leukemia (STLV) types 1 & 2

Simian T-cell leukemia (STLV) type 3

Simian Varicella-Zoster

Squirrel monkey retrovirus

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pyogenes

SV40

SV5

Syphilis

Tetanus

Toxoplasma gondii

Treponema

Trichomonas/
Tritrichomonas

Trypanosoma cruzi

Tuberculosis

Ureaplasma

Valley fever

West Nile virus (WNV)

Yaws

Yellow fever

Yersinia pestis

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Zika virus

* * *

Genetic tests for...

A/B/AB blood type in macaques

Cynomolgus genotyping

Fetal sexing

Mamu-6 in macaques

Mamu-7 in macaques

CYP2C76 c.449TG>A
in macaques

Mu opioid receptor
in macaques

smCCR5Δ24
in sooty mangabeys

...and more - contact Zoologix with your genetic testing requirements


Foamy virus PCR tests for primates
primate assay data sheet

Simian foamy viruses (SFV)

Test codes:

S0006 - Ultrasensitive qualitative detection of macaque simian foamy virus (SFVmac) by real time PCR

S0007 - Qualitative detection of african green monkey simian foamy virus (SFVagm) by PCR

S0008 - Qualitative detection of chimpanzee simian foamy virus (SFVcpz) by PCR

S0009 - Qualitative detection of baboon simian foamy virus (SFVbab) by PCR

S0131 - Ultrasensitive qualitative detection of macaque simian foamy virus (SFVmac) RNA by reverse transcription coupled real time PCR

 

Simian foamy viruses (SFVs) belong to a genetically and antigenically diverse class of retroviruses that naturally infect a wide range of nonhuman primates (NHPs) and can also be transmitted to humans in close contact with primates. In one case SFV was isolated from an infected individual 20 years postexposure (Schweizer et al, 1997). In vitro studies have also shown that SFVs can persist in a latent state and can be reactivated to produce infectious virus. Although there is no pathogenesis directly associated with SFVs, the long-term consequences of SFV infection in humans are not yet fully known. Animal models demonstrate that activation and increased replication of retroviruses can result in acute or slow diseases. Therefore, the long-term presence of a latent, potentially inducible, infectious retrovirus in humans raises public health safety concerns.

Retrovirus screening of potential sources of infection, such as laboratory research animals and simian-derived biological products, can minimize human exposure to SFVs and reduce the risk of potential retrovirus infection in humans. Furthermore, NHPs serve as important sources for the production of cell cultures used in medical and veterinary viral diagnostics, as well as in basic research. Thus safety monitoring of this virus in these cell cultures is vital. Furthermore, extensive and rigorous retrovirus testing is particularly important in the case of xenotransplantation, since the recipients of animal tissues or organs are immunosuppressed and thus potentially more susceptible to virus infections.

Previously, serologic detection of SFV infection required separate Western blot testing using two different SFV antigens [SFV(AGM) (African green monkey) and SFV(CPZ) (chimpanzee)]. However, this method is labor intensive and validation is limited to only small numbers of NHPs. Although virus isolation can be used to detect foamy virus infection, a long incubation period is required to obtain results. Viral culture also increases the potential risk of laboratory personnel contacting this virus. Furthermore, viral culture is less sensitive and specific than newer polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques.

Simian foamy viral detection by PCR is the most rapid, sensitive and specific method for the diagnosis of this infection. This method can differentiate the virus from other closely related foamy viruses.

Utilities:

  • Help confirm the disease causing agent
  • Help ensure that animal colonies are free of foamy virus
  • Early prevention of spread of this virus among the colony
  • Minimize unnecessary occupational exposure to this virus
  • Safety monitoring of biological products and vaccines that derive from monkeys

References:
Schweizer M., Falcone V., Gange J., Turek R., Neumann-Haefelin D. (1997). Simian Foamy Virus Isolated from an Accidentally Infected Human Individual. Journal of Virology 71(6): 4821-4824.

Specimen requirement: 0.2 ml whole blood in EDTA (purple top) tube, or 0.2 ml cell culture.

Contact Zoologix if advice is needed to determine an appropriate specimen type for a specific diagnostic application. For specimen types not listed here, please contact Zoologix to confirm specimen acceptability and shipping instructions.

For all specimen types, if there will be a delay in shipping, or during very warm weather, refrigerate specimens until shipped and ship with a cold pack unless more stringent shipping requirements are specified. Frozen specimens should be shipped so as to remain frozen in transit. See shipping instructions for more information.

Turnaround time: 2 business days

Methodologies:
S0006
: Qualitative real time PCR
S0007, S0008, S0009: Qualitative PCR
S0131: Qualitative reverse transcription coupled real time PCR

Normal range: Nondetected

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