avian & livestock assay data sheet
Avian adenovirus group 1
Test code:
S0082 -
Ultrasensitive qualitative
detection of avian adenovirus group 1 by real time PCR
Avian adenoviruses can be divided into three major groups:
1.
Group I avian adenoviruses have been shown to infect chickens,
turkeys, geese, ducks, quail, pigeons, ostriches and other avian
species. This group can be divided into at least twelve
serotypes.
2.
Group II adenoviruses consist of the viruses that cause turkey
haemorrhagic enteritis (THE), marble spleen disease (MSD) and
group II splenomegaly of chickens.
3.
Group III viruses can cause egg drop syndrome (EDS). They are
widely distributed in waterfowl but can also infect chickens,
resulting in the production of abnormal eggshells.
Group I avian adenoviruses occur widely in chickens - many
chickens are seropositive to these viruses, indicating past
exposure. Vertical transmission is a major route whereby the
viruses are passed to young birds. Young birds become
susceptible to the disease as their maternal antibodies
disappear. However, most infections with group I avian
adenoviruses are subclinical and many infected birds become
carriers.
Birds infected with Group I viruses may manifest symptoms such
as respiratory disease, diarrhea, reduced egg production, poor
feed conversion, and arthritis. In most of these conditions the
role of the adenovirus is that of a secondary rather than a
primary pathogen.
In the past, diagnosis of infection with these
viruses was by histology of the infected tissues, viral culture
or serology. The major disadvantages of these methods are high
cost, slow turnaround time, and low sensitivity. Detection by
PCR offers high sensitivity and rapid turnaround time (Rehman et
al., 2011).
Utilities:
-
Help confirm the disease causing agent
-
Environmental monitoring
-
Help ensure that bird populations are free of this virus
-
Early prevention of spread of the virus among bird
populations
-
Minimize human exposure to the virus
-
Safety monitoring of biological products and vaccines
that derive from birds
References:
Rehman, L.U., Sultan, B.,
Ali, I., Bhatti,
M.A., Khan, S. U., Zaman, K.U., Jahangiri, A.T.,
Khan, N.U., Iqbal, A., Bakht., J.,
Swati., Z.A. and Rehman., M.U. (2011)
Duplex PCR assay for the detection of avian adeno virus
and chicken anemia virus prevalent in Pakistan. Virol. J.
8:440-444
Specimen requirements:
0.2 ml whole blood in EDTA (purple
top) or ACD (yellow top) tube, or 0.2 ml feces, or cloacal swab,
or 0.2 ml tissue.
Contact Zoologix if advice is needed to determine an appropriate specimen type for a specific diagnostic application. For specimen types not listed here, please contact Zoologix to confirm specimen acceptability and shipping instructions.
For all
specimen types, if there will be a delay in shipping, or during
very warm weather, refrigerate specimens until shipped and ship
with a cold pack unless more stringent shipping requirements are
specified. Frozen specimens should be shipped so as to remain
frozen in transit. See shipping
instructions for more information.
Turnaround time:
2 business days
Methodology:
Qualitative real time PCR
Normal range:
Nondetected
